Factors in the Ethical Codes in Research

Factors in the Ethical Codes in Research Second Draft of Training Materials Tiffany Stewart The Ethical Principles are a piece of the Ethics Code that clinicians follow while rehearsing. One zone of brain science that will be examined all through this paper is advising. The moral standards will be characterized just for instance of a moral issue that conflicts with every rule in counseling.There are five moral rules that should be followed while rehearsing proficient brain science. These five moral standards are value and nonmaleficence, constancy and duty, respectability, equity, and regard for people’s rights and poise. Guideline A: Beneficence and Nonmaleficence Value and nonmaleficence can be portrayed as doing great and evading hurt (Fisher, 2013). Doing great in advising can be offering types of assistance to customers/patients that will profit them. These administrations can be medicines that will assist the person with a confusion or manage issues that happen in their life. Keeping away from damage to customers/patients in guiding can be ensuring the people are being analyzed precisely, and giving treatment that will profit them for a considerable length of time to come. Standard An Ethical Dilemmas A moral problem that would conflict with value and nonmaleficence is a treatment program that won't give positive reactions. The program may support the customer/persistent before all else however end up with negative symptoms. A case of this is a customer/persistent is determined to have sorrow. The therapist figures it would be a smart thought for the person to converse with their primary care physician about jumping on an energizer. The stimulant is pushing the person to not be as discouraged, yet her sex drive drops. Presently the customer is feeling discouraged again in light of the fact that, she doesn't have that specific bond with her mate any longer. Another moral quandary is a customer (Anna) that was seeing an instructor (Dr. Smith) for despondency messages her two years after the fact. Anna expresses that her accomplice has been experiencing melancholy and is having issues with different instructors. Since Anna could trust Dr. Smith, she figures it would be a smart thought for her accomplice to see this instructor. Dr. Smith isn't sure on the off chance that she should see her accomplice since Anna used to be a customer (Fisher, 2013, p.358). Rule B: Fidelity and Responsibility The second rule loyalty and obligation is characterized as being steadfast and ensuring analysts are holding vows to their customers/patients (Brown Newman, 1992). This implies analysts need to assemble a trust with their customers or their collaborators and keep trust by being proficient. Rule B Ethical Dilemmas A moral situation that conflicts with constancy and obligation is a therapist not being classified with customer/patient’s data. A case of this is educating collaborators individual data regarding the customer. Except if the customer is hurting themselves or another, the data being advised to the analyst should be private between the two. The trust is likewise broken between the therapist and the customer when data is advised to others that can prompt significant results like being sued or the analyst losing their permit. A second moral quandary that conflicts with Principle B would be a medication misuse instructor imparts data to her associates about her son’s savoring issue school. She approaches them for counsel every so often on what she ought to do about the issue (Fisher, 2013, p. 106). Standard C: Integrity The third moral standard, trustworthiness, causes analyst to be completely forthright, exact and honest in rehearsing brain research (Bodner, 2012). This can concentrate on a psychologist’s work in not cheating or taking different people’s work and making it theirs. Clinicians additionally should know about misdirection can be utilized in tests. At the point when trickery is remembered for tests, the scientists need to ensure that mischief is maintained a strategic distance from. Standard C Ethical Dilemmas A moral problem that conflicts with respectability in guiding is a clinician gives out data that isn't precise. This could be changing the title of their activity on their business card or on their site despite the fact that that isn't what they got their degree in. This gives bogus data to people that are searching for a specific advisor. Notwithstanding the main moral difficulty under this standard is an analyst discovers his patient doesn't have protection yet her little girl does. He chooses to get her out and charge the insurance agency under the daughter’s strategy (Fisher, 2013, p. 193). Guideline D: Justice The fourth guideline, equity, is to treat individuals reasonable and equivalent. This includes utilizing the suitable medicines that fit the requirements of customers/patients (Fisher, 2013). Therapists additionally need to recall that they can't be one-sided with regards to rewarding patients. Guideline D Ethical Dilemmas A moral quandary that conflicts with equity could be that analyst chooses to give a shorter treatment to a single parent that doesn't rake in tons of cash. The analyst has never done this however realizes the mother can't bear the cost of the expense of the ordinary treatment time. The second moral difficulty that conflicts with Principle D is a school therapist thought about specific components, including age and language to help figure out where to put youngsters in instructive suggestions (Fisher, 2013, p. 92). Standard E: Respect for People’s Rights and Dignity The fifth standard, regard for people’s rights and pride, remind therapists to offer regard to the individuals that they work with just as realizing that the individuals that they work with have rights (Lowman, 2005). These rights include realizing their own data is secret and being educated regarding data to enable them to comprehend what is happening in the examinations they are associated with. Guideline E Ethical Dilemmas A moral predicament that can carry issues with the fifth rule is if a therapist has issues with a gay customer/understanding. The analyst chooses to work with a customer that is gay. After a couple of meetings, the customer expresses that he is beginning to have affections for the therapists. The clinical therapist no longer felt he could support the customer and chooses to send him to another clinician without clarification (Lowman, 2005). Another moral situation would be an instructor illuminating the guardians that their youngster has consideration insufficient confusion on the principal meeting. The clinician would base this data by simply watching the kid rather than suitably diagnosing the youngster (Fisher, 2013, p.268). These five moral standards are characterized to clarify why guides ought to tail them while rehearsing brain research. Two moral difficulties were accommodated every rule to show what can happen when they are not being followed. It is significant that advocates become acquainted with the terms to evade any potential outcomes that can happen. References Bodner, K. E. (2012). Moral Principles and Standards That Inform Educational Gatekeeping Practices in Psychology. Morals Behavior, 22(1), 60-74. doi:10.1080/10508422.2012.638827 Earthy colored, R. D., Newman, D. L. (1992). Moral Principles and Evaluations Standards: Do They Match? Development Review, Vol. 16, No. 6, 650-663 Fisher, C. B. (2013). Unraveling the morals code: A viable guide for analysts. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Lowman, R. L. (2005). Regard for Peoples Rights and Dignity. Diary Of Aggression, Maltreatment Trauma, 11(1/2), 71-77. doi:10.1300/J146v11n0106

The 85 Cutest Puppies to Brighten Your Day (Pics + Videos)

The 85 Cutest Puppies to Brighten Your Day (Pics + Videos) SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Searching for the cutest doggies to perk you up? You’ve go to the correct spot. We’ve got pictures and recordings of pups doing a wide range of lovable things. Find charming young doggies inside, adorable little dogs outside, pups with different pups, pups with other child creatures, pups with babies, amusing pups, and resting pups. Attempt to endure this assortment of little dog pictures without saying awwwww. I challenge you! What Kind of Cuteness Are You Looking For? Adorable Puppies Indoors Adorable Puppies Outdoors Adorable Puppies With Other Puppies Adorable Puppies With Other Animals Lovable Puppies With Babies Amusing Dogs Dozing Puppies Adorable Puppies Indoors #1: This lovable yawner. Flickr/Ted Fu #2: This puppy getting a shower. #3: This small destructor. #4: This puppy who preferences shoes. #5: This slick person. #6: This little Frenchie. #7: This cutie who is attempting to eat his approach to security. #8: This puppy who needs to remain in bed throughout the day. #9: This puppy in a cup. Adorable Puppies Outdoors #10: Another puppy in a cup! #11: This valuable Dalmatian puppy. #12: This uncommonly cuddly White Walker (take a gander at those eyes). #13: This Corgi bouncing into the water. #14: This little Bulldog puppy battling to climb a stage. #15: This Golden Retriever who doesn’t yet comprehend how to manage a canine bowl. #16: This inquisitive Dachshund little guy. #17: This little guy who is good to go. #18: This little guy getting a charge out of the pool. #19: This minuscule little guy who is upbeat simply lying in the grass. #20: This little one that doesn’t let snow hold her up. Charming Puppies With Other Puppies #21: These little guys who are fairly partial to each other. #22: These three kin who fit in a shoebox. #23: These Bernese Mountain young doggies who like to battle. #24: These Labrador little guys who are loaded with vitality. #25: Golden Retriever kisses. #26: These little travelers. #27: These huggers. #28: These little Chihuahuas. #29: These little guys who are getting a lift from momma. #30: These little guys who believe they're human. #31: These Golden Retriever puppies playing with ice shapes. #32: These puppies that are subtly small scale polar bears. Adorable Puppies With Other Animals #33: This Corgi with a feathered creature on its head. #34: These pups meeting little cats. #35: This puppy with its chimpanzee buddy. #36: This Corgi who is marginally startled. #37: This Chihuahua little guy who think she’s a goat. #38: This little guy with ducks. #39: This Shiba who doesn't care for his new feline companion. #40: This little guy and child cheetah who snuggle. #41: This puppy who is somewhat terrified of felines. #42: This pup and kitty cuddle sesh. #43: This feline who is dwarfed: #44: This little guy meeting a horse. #45: This little dog kissing a rabbit. #46: This Labrador little guy who doesn’t appear to be keen on the snow Bengal cat. #47: This puppy and rabbit who are disregarding one another. Lovable Puppies With Babies #48: This little guy who is eager to meet her new sister. #49: This Golden little guy who is very stricken with his new buddy. #50: This puppy who is helping his companion get cleaned. #51: This infant adores his snuggle amigos. #52: These pugs and their buddy. #53: This Shorkie little guy and infant who like to play battle. #54: This little guy who needs to kiss his child companion. #55: This infant giggling at his Boxer little dog. #56: This not very good gatekeeper hound. #57: These kissing pals. #58: This Labradoodle who takes a kick to the face. Clever Dogs #59: This not really organized pug. #60: This cruiser puppy. #61: This Pitbull little guy who preferences cheddar pro. #62: This Corgi circumspectly investigating new family unit things. #63: This Bernese Mountain hound little dog who truly detests lemons. #64: This little customer. #65: These little guys who get trapped in toast. #66: This Golden Retriever little guy who gets captured. #67: This Corgi in an overcoat. #68: This Golden little guy who battles a mirror. #69: This little guy who believes he's an infant. #70: This little guy who despises vacuums. #71: This little guy who gets a ride. #72: This Golden Retriever who is trapped. #73: This little guy riding a bicycle. #74: This Bulldog riding a roomba. Resting Puppies #75: Nap time! #76: This one who just can’t open his eyes. #77: This little guy who plays dead truly well. #78: Not exactly 101 Dalmatians. #79: This little guy who required an evening snooze. #80: This nestling family. #81: This happy sleeper. #82: These resting Shiba Inu puppies. #83: This one who can nod off anyplace. #84: This lethargic pack. #85: This minuscule individual who is littler than a hand.

What is an American Depositary Receipt - ADR

What is an American Depositary Receipt - ADR Looking to invest money but don’t know whether mutual funds or ETF’s are the right choices?Foreign investment by U.S. investors is growing at a rate of more than 10% each year, and reached a value of over $3.9 trillion back in 2010, and American Depository Receipts form an integral part of that.As an investor, you know the deal â€" investing directly in foreign countries is often a bummer, with the many legal hurdles and currency risk exposure.American Depository Receipts offer a way around that, a high-risk high-return option.An American Depositary Receipt (ADR) is a certificate that is issued by an US bank which states that one or more shares of foreign stock are being held under your name at a depositary bank.Just like how the regular stocks are traded in the market, American Depositary Receipts can be traded too and are listed on the NYSE (New York Stock Exchange) and NASDAQ.Before the introduction of the American Depositary Receipt, if we wanted to purchase any stock from fo reign companies, there was a large process involved.You would have to transfer your money to a bank in that country, convert this money to their currency and only then could you purchase stocks.This is a long process and would most often come back as a hit on your profits once taxes and exchange rate fluctuations were taken into account.What the ADR does as a substitute for this is instead of you purchasing the stocks directly from the foreign company, a US bank will purchase it under your name, and you are given a piece of paper stating that these shares are yours.All of these transactions are carried out in US Dollars to avoid all the currency conversion issues, and thus all the dividends earned and payouts are all made in US Dollars.If the dividends you earned were from Euros, for example, this will be converted to dollars before being passed on to you.The whole concept of the American Depositary Receipt was founded by Guaranty Trust Corporation, which is JP Morgan’s predecesso r in 1927, which allowed people to purchase stocks of a British department store called Selfridges.Due to the ease of the whole process, the popularity of using this service has increased since then and now there over two thousand Receipts available around the world.HOW DOES AN ADR WORK?If you are into investing, know the basics first. To understand the whole concept a little bit better, let’s use an example to simplify it.Investors who are willing and able to buy these American Depositary Receipts can purchase them through dealers/brokers who in turn will obtain these receipts from one of two ways.Either by purchasing ADR’s that are already issued or by creating new ADR’s.Already Issued ADR’s can be bought over the counter or through NYSE / NASDAQ.If the dealer has to create a new ADR, then there is another process involved. They will first have to go to the issuer of the shares (Ex. Alibaba) and buy the shares directly from their home market.These shares are then deposited in one of the depositary banks in that market, and the bank will then issue an ADR representing these shares to the broker.Using Alibaba as an example, we can see that if the investor wants to make a new ADR with Alibaba, the broker will have to go to China to purchase the stocks directly from them and then deposit these stocks into a US Depositary Bank which will then be converted into an ADR under the investors name. Got it so far?Creating new ADR’s is not always easy and will depend on factors such as market conditions, the price of the shares at that time and the availability of the shares for purchase.Also, we spoke before about how using an American Depositary Receipt takes care of all the exchange rate and currency conversion problems, but there is still a catch when it comes to these things.As we mentioned, any dividends that are paid by the foreign currency will be then converted to US Dollars before being passed on to the investor.However, there is still a risk here as these dividends have the conversion cost and the foreign taxes involved in the transaction deducted from it and so any fluctuation that is made to the exchange rate will affect the value of the dividends too.Example: As an investor, you have purchased shares from Alibaba at a value of 5 Yuan per share for 100 shares.The currency exchange rate is now $0.15 per 1 Yuan which would make your annual dividend $75.However, if the exchange rate were to depreciate in value to $0.10 per 1 Yuan, your annual dividend value will fall to $50.Here is a great video by OTC Markets Group that you might want to watch. TYPES OF AMERICAN DEPOSITARY RECEIPTSDepending on your needs, you need to go for different ADR’s. We will take a look at the popular options below.Sponsored American Depositary ReceiptA sponsored ADR is when a foreign company forms a contract with a US Depositary Bank through which they sell their shares to the US Market.The US Depositary Bank is then responsible for the sale and distr ibution of shares, payment of the dividends, record-keeping, etc.This also allows the foreign company to list their shares on the US Stock Exchanges.Non-Sponsored American Depositary ReceiptThis an ADR that is set up without the cooperation of the foreign company involved and is usually done by individual brokers/dealers who want to start a US Trading Market for those shares.Before 2008, these ADR’s had to be registered through certain requirements that were a bit time-consuming.However, the Securities and Exchange Commission amended a certain act that allowed these shares to be traded without registration if certain conditions were met.Since that time, there has been a massive increase in the amount of Non-Sponsored ADR’s traded on over the counter markets, which are the only places that these ADR’s can be traded under the new act.LEVELS OF AMERICAN DEPOSITARY RECEIPTSNow that we know a little bit more about what an ADR is and what it can do, let’s look at the levels of ADR that are available in the market that depends on how deep the foreign company has accessed the US trading market.Level 1 American Depositary ReceiptThis is the most basic and the lowest level of ADR’s available in the market. This level is usually issued for those foreign companies that are not able to list their stocks on the stock exchange just yet or basically just do not want to.This is mostly used by a foreign company in order to establish their presence rather than to raise capital. These ADR’s can only be traded through over the counter transactions as they are the least subject to the requirements set by the Security and Exchange Commission.Like other publicly trading companies in the US Market, these foreign companies do not have to show a quarterly or annual report to the SEC in order to continue operations. This makes it an easier form of establishing ADR’s in the market.These ADR’s are riskier for an investor to purchase due to the loose regulations but in terms of the company, it allows them to measure just how well their stocks are received in the US.However, even though they do not need to be listed in the US Stock Exchange, in order for the ADR to be issued, they must first be listed in the Stock Exchange of their home country.Also, if the foreign company decides that it wants to upgrade to Level 2, they will have to start selling on the US Stock Exchange after listing themselves.Level 2 American Depositary ReceiptA Level 2 ADR is quite similar to the Level 1 ADR where they are mostly used only to establish a presence in the stock exchange and not properly listed and also, they cannot be used to raise capital.The difference is that there are a few more regulations that are set on the Level 2 ADR’s such as filing a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission and certain other documents.Failing to comply with these regulations will demote the ADR back to Level 1 or may be delisted. In exchange, by moving the ADR up from Level 1 to Level 2 will give the company a higher trading volume and more visibility in the market.This makes purchasing the ADR less risky than Level 1 as they have now signed off on certain forms that mitigate the risk passed on to the consumer of the ADR.Level 3 American Depositary ReceiptLevel 3 is the highest and most prestigious tier that a foreign company can enlist their ADR’s into. These ADR’s face a lot more regulations compared to the other two levels and everything that they do has to come with a full reporting to the Security and Exchange Commission.They will have to sign off on more forms that will regulate their business in the country further, and even certain actions the foreign company takes back in their home country has to be reported, such as, any materials given by the company to their shareholders during this period.In return, the company will be able to float their stocks into the market as a public offering and thus can gain a lot of financial ca pital from the stocks sold as well as gain a substantial presence in the trading market of the US Stock Exchange.This is also the least risky form of stock purchasing for investors due to the constant monitoring done by the Security and Exchange Commission which can easily take away the rights of an ADR or demote it to a lower level if the foreign company goes against any of the rules set by them.TERMINATING AN AMERICAN DEPOSITARY RECEIPTNow that we have seen the different levels of an ADR let’s look at the procedures and impact of closing down an ADR.Any ADR can be cancelled by either the issue (foreign company) or the depositary bank that created it for them.Once either of this has happened, and the ADR has been requested to be terminated, the process of cancelling all the ADR’s issued will ensue.The foreign company’s name will also be delisted from the US Stock Exchange immediately.Just before the termination is set to take place, the investors who purchased these ADR’s m ust be informed first.The foreign company will usually write to each of them stating the reason for the termination and requesting them to either give back their certification which shows their level of stock purchased or not to do anything at all.If the investor who owns the ADR decides to give up their certificate, it will be replaced by certain foreign securities.The owners can then find brokers who deal in these foreign markets to use these foreign securities in that region.If the investor decides that they do not want to give up their certificate, then the depositary bank that the investor got the ADR through will hold on to it and will take the foreign securities from the foreign company and will collect the dividends that the investor receives through this and pay them back in this way.They will, however, discontinue the sale of more ADR’s under the company’s name to these investors.THE ADVANTAGES OF USING AN AMERICAN DEPOSITARY RECEIPTSo, what is it that makes ADR’s th e preferred choice for many?Easier to PurchaseAn ADR is a much easier form of purchasing foreign stock for an investor compared to the normal process.Any person who wants to can buy or sell these ADR’s just like purchasing normal stocks in the local US market.They are also saving money at the same time through these transactions as the usual administrative and tax costs are much reduced by purchasing an ADR.Everyone BenefitsIt’s not just the investors but the foreign company that supplies these ADR’s that benefit.The company is given more exposure to the US market and can measure out just how well their shares are received and can gauge how well they will do if they become listed publicly in the US Stock Exchange.The equity market in the US can be quite a wealthy market if tapped correctly, so if the foreign company is smart about the approach, they can raise quite a bit of capital and make their name more well-known among the investors in the US.Helps to Diversify PortfoliosP urchasing ADR’s from foreign companies’ gives investors the chance to diversify their portfolios. Not all US companies are not involved in every industry or geographical area that could be beneficial to an investor.Having these foreign ADR’s will give the investor more choice and better options to help them grow their business or earn better dividends than they would by just sticking to the local US companies.Is More ConvenientThere are also other benefits that an ADR has in terms of convenience, one of which is that an investor does not have to use a different broker than the one they were using all along.They do not need another foreign account or have the need to find a new broker to carry out the ADR deals as their current broker should be more than capable to carry these out as the procedure is not too difficult to handle.Save More MoneyUS investors can again save money and earn more because the whole ADR system is built around dollar pricing.As we spoke about before, eve ry transaction is done through dollars, and any dividends earned in foreign currency will be converted to US Dollars and then paid in US Dollars.This makes forecasting, continuous transactions and reporting much easier for the local US investors.Similar to Your Local Stock ExchangeAnother advantage that an ADR has is that it is quite similar to local stock in the stock exchange as these trade at the same US market hours and so investors do not have to work separately to keep an eye on their ADR’s.They also follow the same procedures and limitations set on the local stocks so that investors do not need to worry about treating the ADR’s differently but can instead manage it just like the local stocks in the market.DISADVANTAGES OF AN AMERICAN DEPOSITARY RECEIPTWhile ADR’s can work great for a business, there are a few points that you need to remember before using them.Being Wary of the Exchange Rate FluctuationsIn the advantages, we mentioned that the investors could gain as all transactions are made using US Dollars.However, this also comes with a risk in terms of exchange rate fluctuations where a depreciation in the rate will lead to losses.The exchange rate is not always constant and usually, go through constant fluctuations.Since an ADR will be dealing with companies from a variety of countries, there can be a lot of changes to the currencies of these different countries that can be difficult to track and will lead to losses.You Don’t Have as Many ChoicesThere is a limited selection when it comes to ADR’s. An investor may want to purchase stocks from a certain big foreign company, but they may have to end up purchasing the stocks the normal way as this company may not have listed themselves as an ADR.An ADR cannot be created without the permission of the company, so if that particular company has decided not to use this method, then the ADR will not be listed.As of now, there are still quite a lot of these big companies that have not yet listed th emselves in this way.Stock Options May be LimitedAdding on to the previous point, there may be a few companies that have listed their ADR, but they may not have as many stock options available to trade especially in a big market like the US.In turn, they will be very thinly traded, leading to less performing stocks.SHOULD YOU GO FOR AN ADR?An ADR is definitely a workable solution for purchasing stocks abroad compared to the procedures that an investor would have to go through otherwise.There are certain risks involved, but any form of stock trading will always involve a risk so that is out-weighed by the benefits that an investor will receive by using this form of service.

All About the Buttress and Other Wall Supports

My Favorite Player Of All Time Torii Hunter - 1995 Words

Ever since I was a little kid there was one thing that I was passionate about and that was baseball. The best memory I have as a kid is when my father took me out and bought me my first glove and bat. Almost every day my father would take me out to the backyard and play catch with me for however long I wanted to. Most of my childhood friends were gained through playing baseball. Another, significant day in my life is when my family took me to my first Major League Baseball game. I remember that day like it was yesterday the Minnesota Twins were playing the Boston Red Sox at the beautiful Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome. The Twins became my favorite team, because of how they performed that day winning the game seven to one. That day I got to see what would become my favorite player of all time Torii Hunter. Watching the way Torii Hunter played the game always at one hundred percent taught me that there is nothing easy in life, and that you always attack with one hundred percent of your effort. After that, game I began to follow Major League Baseball closely. I began to watch every game that I could, and read up on everything taking place in that sport today. The first day that I realized how significant an impact steroids have had in the sport is when I heard that Sammy Sosa did not make the hall of fame. This was curious to me, because Sosa had put up some historic numbers that baseball had never seen before. Then it came out that more and more players had been using steroids,

The History of the African Women Free Essays

string(35) " right for her husband to hit her\." 70% of African women with disabilities get them from their husbands. In Africa, most women have little or no rights. This effects what they can do for work, how their family life is, and what future they have. We will write a custom essay sample on The History of the African Women or any similar topic only for you Order Now Women throughout time, especially in African culture, have always been subservient to men. The status of women in Africa is second-rate. In countries like the United States, women have the same rights as men and are almost equal. But in Africa it†s totally different. Women have to know that they should be equal to men. It’s important to understand that every race is discriminated at one point in time. This should not happen if we have a realization. This understanding would be realizing that everyone put on this planet was created equal. Women, unfortunately, have been very discriminated against, even in this century. Women are so cruelly thought of that now, women see nothing wrong with mental and physical cruelty towards them. Since the status of women in Africa, is so low, it has caused many men to overpower women†¦ physically. More and more women are being beaten and thinking that it is okay because the women think men are superior to them. A frightening fact is that 16 2/3 percent of women are battered by their partners and 46% of these cases the children are beaten too. â€Å"If you go to the police and complain that your husband is abusing you or hitting you the authorities would think, ‘Oh well she probably deserved it! â€Å"† Said Lindy Mieza. A woman named Geli wrote about her life in which she says, â€Å"My mother†¦ she constantly suffered terrible physical and mental abuse from him†¦ Fifty percent of women in Africa women will be raped in their life time. There were 23,806 rapes in the first six months of 1996. And what worse is that police estimate that for every rape reported another thirty-five takes place. South Africa, â€Å"Already confronting the worlds worst murder rate the country has a harrowing new fact to face: there is a rape every 25 seconds.. † Geli wrote, â€Å"Being raped doesn†t mean it†s by some you don†t know, I was raped by my husband and his friends†¦ † In conclusion, when men over power women, women feel less and less important and the status of women becomes worse. Poverty is a problem because most children who grow up in poverty, die there. They don†t necessary get shot or killed, they end up not being able to climb out poverty and get a decent job, especially women. Women in Africa are forced to be prostitutes because they need to support their family. When women do this they end up having a bigger family. Women live in poverty in a disproportionate number. â€Å"My mother lived and died in poverty and so did her mom, one day I will too because I have no food or money. † â€Å"Why have women become so much poorer? There is no one reason. In countries like Kenya and India, cut backs resulting from the International Monetary Fund†s and Structural adjustment policies (SAP†s) have affected women most because they are the main recipients of education and health. † There are more women than men in poverty. Out of the 4. 3 million displaced 80% of them are women. In a study carried out over 20 years the number of rural women in poverty has increased by 50% reaching an awesome 565 million. â€Å"Poverty has influenced women†s lives more than any factor over the last decade. † If women are in poverty they will not be able to help fight to gain their rights. For many many years, generations of girls would and will give up their education for their brother because he getting an education is more important than her getting one. Lindy Mieza once said, â€Å"If you look at our country, it is the women who are the first to dropped at school to give places to their brothers. † Girls in Africa get a second class education. Many girls have dropped out of school because they were raped and need to take care of their babies that have no fathers. â€Å"I once went to school, but then I was raped and had a baby. † A fourteen year old girl told a reporter. Women should be able to go to school just like men but, â€Å"Only the wealthiest girls are able to obtain an education. † , There are 52 million boys who do not go to primary school. But their are 77 million girls who don†t go to school where one learns the two most important things, reading and writing. Because women are that last ones in schools and the first ones out, obviously they are the ones who can†t read. If one took out nine hundred illiterate people, women would out number men two to one. In Africa, 68. 3% of the women can not read. If women aren†t educated then they won†t get jobs and will have no way for a secure future. Women are taught in their tribes and cultures that it is all right for men to mistreat them. This is not helping women realize that they don†t have to be treated the way they are. Tribal women are brought up thinking it†s okay for them to be men†s slaves. Once an African woman said â€Å"I came to the conclusion that part of our problems with men†¦ is that we were brought up to see out lives incomplete without them. We were taught to consider man as our superiors, the absolute rulers not only of our home but of our lives too. † Geli said â€Å"Customs and tradition told us it was normal for men to lie and abuse to cheat and domineer†¦ Geli†s mom was abused by her husband as well as her Grandmother was abused and so was she. Geli grew up think it wasn†t wrong for men to hit women. She Grew up thinking it was all right for her husband to hit her. You read "The History of the African Women" in category "Papers" It wasn†t till American groups came and told her what her husband did was illegal, after that, she left him â€Å"Women were told we were duty-bound, to remain steadfast and faithful; to our husband no matter what they did do to us or how undeserving of our affections they were† If women keep growing up thinking that it is right for men to overpower then women will never be equal to men. Since men make up all of the laws and rules most laws proteins only to men. Laws are only fair to man. Black women of Africa have suffered the most because of discriminating laws. Up in till this century women couldn†t own property, vote. Get jobs, and sometimes even leave the house. â€Å"The women acknowledge that under apartheid, women†s issues were pushed to the back burner while black men and women fought together for liberation. But now women are devoting attention to old and pervasive obstacles. The whole system has placed women in a inferior position. Women were not involved in any environmental decisions or economical decisions. Woman had different jail sentences then men. If a woman killed any one she would be put to a torturous death. If a man he would get a life time sentence with a chance of parole. In Kangaroo courts, punishment for women can be rape by a government official(s). Nelson Mendela the Prime Minister of South Africa once said, â€Å"I pay tribute to the mothers and wives of our nation. You are the rockhard foundation of our struggle. Apartheid has inflicted more pain on you than anyone else. Women can†t be equal to men if laws don†t allow them to. â€Å"If you don†t get a chance to take part in you laws you don†t take part in the rules the govern you life† said Mrs. Shays. In African women are very prone to getting diseases. Women not only have to deal with having no rights but they also have to deal with disease. â€Å"At the hospitals we see women who are brought in wheel barrows who have had ten pregnancies and have ruptured uteruses. They die in those wheel barrows. In America you have 911. You call on a telephone and an ambulance comes. Here we can†t call on a phone because their are none and you can†t call for an ambulance because their are none. † Also malnutrition, starvation, AIDS, and even diarrhea are deadly in Africa. â€Å"29. 3 percent of pregnant women have AIDS. † Nelson Mendela once said â€Å"We must give health to the aged to the pregnant women and to the young children. † Doctors are rare and expensive in Africa. Many people who need them can†t afford them. Women are the main people who take care of the family, and because if they are busy fighting off disease they can†t fight for their rights. Being sick put a damper on a women†s attitudes. The attitudes of women’s rights are very poor, women and men have bad attitudes about it. Forty women with the idea of them having the right to vote went to court to see what they could do. When the women brought up the idea the judge just sat and laughed. He told them to leave. â€Å"Men think nothing about us, we are slaves to them, and nothing more. When we asked for rights they wanted nothing to do with us. Sadly many women felt the same way. † A women’s rights leader said. Men don†t want to let us share their power† Lindy Meiza tried to lift women attitudes in her speech, â€Å"We must think we can. Think you can and you can. Now lets win the rights we deserve!! † If women think they can they can. They will rise up against men. Just like in the story The Little Engine Who Could he thought he could and then he did it. South Africa has made a new constitution with a charter for women. The new constitution will eliminate all laws that discriminate whites and black, and males and females. The new constitution with the first charter for women will give women the rights the deserved. Some of the laws are: â€Å"Women shall have equal legal status and capacity in civil law including amongst others, full contractual rights, the right to acquire and hold in property, the right to equal in heritance and the right to secure credit† States the charter. â€Å"Every woman shall have the right to education and training at any stage of her life in order to realize her full potential. Women shall have special access to funds for education and training. Child care facilities shall be provided. Education to develop awareness of women†s status, to build women†s self confidence and able them to claim their constitutional and legal rights should be implemented. Ensure women†s full and equal participation in power structures and decision-making. Develop education and training to increase women†s capacity to participate in decision-making and leadership. The state shall establish appropriate institution to ensure the effective protection and promotion of equality for women. Women demand equality in the development, application, adjudication interpretation and enforcement of the law. Women shall have equality within the family and within marriages and intimate relationships. Women shall have equal rights during and it the dissolution of a marriage. Women married under customary law shall have the right to inherit from their spouses. All family types shall be recognized and treated equally. Women shall have the right to choose the partner of their choice. Women should have equal access to financial resources of the household. Women should have equal decision making powers and access to information in regard to the economic management of the household. Social services should be a right not a privilege. Women must be protected from sexual harassment and violence in all places where women are working. Violence in all it†s forms is endemic to South African society both sexual and domestic violence are pervasive and all women live under the threat of experience violence women experience secondary victimization at all stages of criminal justice system which shall include the right to be free from all forms of violence in the home in communities in the work pace and in public spaces. These are some of the important laws for women that will make drastic changes in Africa. Authorities have made some changes to protect women. Last year, marital rape became a crime and women can now more easily obtain restraining orders against their abusers. As a result, an older man who was convicted of raping a nine year old girl received a ten year sentence. Women are getting rights and the MALE government is realizing that they must make both genders equal. â€Å"We demand the rights we deserve. † The women of Africa demanded it and they got it. Women groups, like the ANC, have been helping women win their rights. â€Å"The ANC now regards the champing of women†s rights an integral part of its agenda. † â€Å"Already the ANC has enriched the women†s rights in the charter and constitutional guidelines. † They†ve made laws with government to become equal. The ANC has strongly advocated that that 33% of all political nominees be women. â€Å"Once the ANC was un-banned various groups united to form the Women†s Coalition to facilitate gender issues in neglected for the new government. † â€Å".. countless other women-the unsung heroines of black women liberation. If more women join these women†s groups, women will have some control over their own lives. Not only are women helping themselves but now other countries are trying to help African women too. Many countries like the United States have helped Africa by donating money, sending representatives to help villages become better place for women and even given countries food. â€Å"†¦ other countries are making giant leaps to show Africa the way. † The United States aid is providing 65 million or 80% of it†s basic education assistance to Africa, so every child will have access education. The United States also provided 4 million for the African women abuse. If other countries help Africa it will become a better place for women. Women†s thoughts on the future are strong and hopeful. â€Å"The fight will go on forever. Women will never be equal to men. One day men will be equal to women. † Many leaders even thought even though, being beaten and jailed still are positive. Just like Thandi. She was an ANC leader. She protested against women have to where passes that stated information like birth, place of birth, town and reacords. At that protest, was arrested and put into jail for eight years. She says, â€Å"One is still doughtful about the future. † Felicia Mabuza, another ANC member, says, â€Å"South Africa is going to have to get used to seeing women in the board room as well as the bedroom. † She also said, â€Å"In the coming years black South African women will continue to stand and assume their roles in a fast changing society that is filled with hope and optimism. † Women in Africa are gaining hope about their future. The more this happens the more confidence they will get and they will soon be able to face men as equals. To help women in Africa my organization, S. O. F. A. W. , Shout Out For African Women, will show women how to build homes, coaxes the governments to change some laws and most important give all women an education. S. O. F. A. W. will be collecting money from private and public distributors. This money will used for sending our representatives to places of poverty to show women how to build a house. We will teach them the basic skill. They women we teach will show their neighbor and then the neighbor would teach their neighbor and so on. If we do this more and more women will get out of poverty, less and less women will live in poverty and finally we are teaching women a skill that that will be able to use. The S. O. F. A. W. is going to set up meetings with counties all over Africa. In our meetings we will try to coax the government to change laws so men and women are equal. Then we would help them enforce the laws. If the laws are equal then the women will soon be equal. Finally and most importantly the S. O. F. A. W will build 200 schools. We will build 100 primary schools because that is where reading and writing are taught, the two most important things in the world. We would build 50 high schools and 50 middle schools. Of course all of these schools will be for girls only. If women are educated the more money would know their laws and how to do something about is. â€Å"If women are free from violence, if they are healthy and educated, if they can live and work as full and equal partners in any society their families will flourish and when they do, communities and nations will thrive. † Bill Clinton. I personal think that Africa will not remain odd man out. I think this because If organizations like mine help problems like status of women, hunger, over population, health, wildlife, rainforest and black liberation problems like these will be non existancet. Women are humans, they shouldn†t be treated like animals. Like I said before women need education, and jobs. But women also need better health facilities and better shelters. You can help by donating money to organizations like mine. I care because people are being hurt when they shouldn†t be. Please if you can call 1-888-WOMEN-AF. How to cite The History of the African Women, Papers

Entrepreneurship Business Venturing- MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theEntrepreneurshipfor Journal of Business Venturing. Answer: Description of the Proposed Business The aim of the following paper is to make a brief preliminary business plan for an innovative service. It is essential to mention first that the proposed business will be a start up business and the organization would be an online business organization. The aim of the considered business would be to sell mock tails as well as cocktail online. The company will take orders from local area and will serve cocktails and mock tails within 30 minutes. The particular aspect of innovation opportunity the organization has found to work on is the change in perception, meaning and mood. The contemporary world is growing with increasing population and new demand. With the increasing rate of population, the lifestyle of the society has been changing too. Now people have become more dependent on the online shopping methods as they feel more comfortable in buying products online. List of Key Personnel and their Roles Considering the service that has been designed above, the key personnel of the organization and their individual role and responsibility will be as per the following Marketing Manager As the entire business operations will be done online, the organization will require a marketing manager and a team of marketing executives to accomplish online promotion and marketing. Webpage Designer As per the decision that the organization will operate their business online, the first thing the organization will require is an attractive webpage. Therefore, a professional and experienced webpage designer will be required. Product Process Manager It has been decided that the organization will give online service of mock tails and cocktails to the local area. Therefore, to manage performance of the employees as well as to maintain the quality of the service a product process manager will be required. The product process manager will be also responsible for communicating with the suppliers and supervising whether proper materials are being provided to the production employees or not. Sales and Account Manager In order to meet the sales target of the organization as well as to keep track of the profit, the organization will require a sales manager who will plan budget and an account manager who will be responsible for managing and supervising all finance related activities. The account manager will be therefore responsible for managing budget related details, keeping records of the expenditure and supervising whether each of the employees are getting salary at the right time or not. Operation and Production Plan The operations and production process, which the organization will require to pursue will be Production The organization will buy fruits and alcohol from the local suppliers who will serve fresh fruits and high quality alcohol. Fruit juices will be prepared daily and will not be preserved. Right after the production, the cocktails and mock tails will be packaged and delivered by the delivery boys. Payment The organization will provide both cash on delivery and online payment options to the customers. Financial Forecast In order to recruit human resource for all the aforementioned key personnel successfully as well as to use quality products for providing satisfactory service to the customer, the organization will require an appropriate amount of money. Therefore, a budget plan for the organization will be Activities Required budget Marketing activities AUS$,5000 Acquisitions of materials AUS$6,000 Salary of the employees AUS$7,000 Risk management AUS$3500 Total AUS$21,500 The aforementioned financial estimation, it has been identified that the organization will need venture capital worth of AUS$11,000 as per the reason that the entrepreneurs can only manage AUS$10,500. The aforementioned financial brief possibly assists the entrepreneurs to acquire help from local financial organizations. If the entrepreneurs can manage, venture capital from any commercial bank or financial firm, then the organization will provide 20% of their profit as interest to that financial organization. Timeline It is now essential to design a proper timeline to set up the business according to the plan. The timeline for setting up the business would be Activities Times Marketing 2 months Acquisition of capital 1 month Acquisition of employees 2 and half months Selection of suppliers and acquisition of equipments 2 months Webpage designs 3 weeks Possible Risks and Ways to Mitigate them As it is a start up business, it cannot be said with complete guarantee that the organization will find complete success that it has estimated. Therefore, some of the key risks for the organization will be Market Risk Customer expectation is a dynamic aspect that varies on a frequent basis. Moreover, online business is a premise, which every entrepreneur desire to penetrate (Caliendo 2016). Therefore, emergence of rival organizations, potential position of the existing organization and the high bargaining power of the customers may hinder the success of the concerned organization. Therefore, the organization needs to pursue a thorough competitive analysis prior to conduct its marketing activities (Romn et al. 2013). Financial Risk If the organization would not be able to attract customers and provide satisfactory products, then the organization would possibly encounter high financial risk (Cassar 2014). Therefore, the organization has to make sure that they are providing quality products on time as quality and fast delivery will be two main aspects for the organization. References Caliendo, M., 2016. Start-up subsidies for the unemployed: Opportunities and limitations.IZA World of Labor. Cassar, G., 2014. Industry and startup experience on entrepreneur forecast performance in new firms.Journal of Business Venturing,29(1), pp.137-151. Romn, C., Congregado, E. and Milln, J.M., 2013. Start-up incentives: Entrepreneurship policy or active labour market programme?.Journal of Business Venturing,28(1), pp.151-175.